Improving mungbean growth in a semiarid dryland system with agricultural waste biochars and cattle manure

Roberto I C O Taolin; Arnoldus Klau Berek; Eduardus Y Neonbeni; Syprianus Ceunfin; Origenes B Kapitan; Maksimus Y Seran

doi:10.15243/jdmlm.2018.061.1441

Improving mungbean growth in a semiarid dryland system with agricultural waste biochars and cattle manure

Roberto I C O Taolin, Arnoldus Klau Berek, Eduardus Y Neonbeni, Syprianus Ceunfin, Origenes B Kapitan, Maksimus Y Seran

J. Degrade. Min. Land Manage. , pp. 1441-1448

Viewed : 708 times

DOI https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2018.061.1441

Abstract

Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) productivity in dryland decreased recently due to the soil fertility degradation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biochar types and cattle manure rates on the growth of mungbean in semi-arid dark soil. The factorial completely randomized block design 3 x 5 with four replicates was set to arrange treatments for the field trial. Two biochars (rice husk and sawdust) at 10 t/ha in combination with four rates of cattle manure (1, 3, 5 and 10 t/ha) and control (without biochar and cattle manure) were applied to the soil, incubated for three weeks and then planted with mungbean cv. Fore Belu. The results revealed that additions of biochar and cattle manure increased soil moisture and soil electrical conductivity by 2-4% and 0.15-0.20, respectively; decreased soil temperature and bulk density by 1-2^oC and 0.2 g/cm³, respectively; increased plant height, stem diameter, root length, total, shoot and root dry weights by 4 cm, 0.1 cm, 5 cm, 7 g, 0.9 g and 6 g, respectively, compared to the control. The best growth of mungbean was obtained from the additions of sawdust biochar at 10 t/ha and cattle manure at 3 t/ha.

Keywords

biochar; cattle manure; mungbean; rice husk; sawdust

Full Text:

PDF

References

Blake, G.R. 1986. Bulk density. In: Klute, A. (ed). Methods of Soil Analysis second edition, part 1. American Society of Agronomy. Pp 371.

BPS NTT. 2017. East Nusa Tenggara in Figures 2016 (in Indonesian).

Burell, L.D., Zehetner, F., Rampazzo, N., Wimmer, B. and Soja, G. 2016. Long-term effects of biochar on soil physical properties. Geoderma 282: 96-102.

Chaudhary, T.N., Chopra, U.K. and Sinha, A.K. 1985. Root growth, leaf water potential and yield of irrigated summer mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) in relation to soil water status and soil temperature under various mulches. Field Crops Research 11 : 325-333.

Ding, Y., Liu, Y., Liu, S., Li, Z., Tan, X., Huang, X., Zeng, G., Zhou, L. and Zheng, B. 2016. Biochar to improve soil fertility. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 36: 36.

Domingues, R.R., Trugilho, P.F., Silva, C.A., de Melo, I.C.N.A., Melo, L.C.A., Magriotis, Z.M. and Sanchez-Monedero M.A. 2017. Properties of biochar derived from wood and high-nutrient biomasses with the aim of agronomic and environmental benefits. PLoSONE 12(5):e0176884

Graber, E.R., Meller-Harel, Y., Kolton, M., Cytryn, E., Silber, A. and Rav David, D. 2010. Biochar impact on development and productivity of pepper and tomato grown in fertigated soilless media. Plant and Soil 337: 481-496.

Haider, G., Steffens, D., Moser, G., Müller, C. and Kammann, C.I. 2017. Biochar reduced nitrate leaching and improved soil moisture content without yield improvements in a four-year field study. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 237: 80-94.

Kizito, S., Wu, S., Kirui, W.K., Lei, M., Lu, Q., Bah, H. and Dong, R. 2015. Evaluation of slow pyrolyzed wood and rice husks biochar for adsorption of ammonium nitrogen from piggery manure anaerobic digested slurry. Science of the Total Environment 505: 102–112.

Kolton, M., Harel, Y.M., Pasternak, Z., Graber, E.R., Elad, Y. and Cytryn, E. 2011. Impact of biochar application to soil on the root-associated bacterial community structure of fully developed greenhouse pepper plants. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77: 4924-4930.

Lehmann, J. and Joseph, S. 2015. Biochar for environmental management: science, technology and Implementation. Routledge, New York.

Liu, Z., He, T., Cao, T., Yang, T., Meng, J. and Chen, W. 2017. Effects of biochar application on nitrogen leaching, ammonia volatilization and nitrogen use efficiency in two distinct soils. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 17: 515-528.

Mukherjeen, A. and Lal, R. 2013. Biochar impacts on soil physical properties and greenhouse gas emission. Agronomy 3: 313-339, doi:10.3390/agronomy3020313.

Wang, G-J., Xu, Z-W. and Li, Y. 2016. Effects of biochar and compost on mung bean growth and soil properties in a semi-arid area of Northeast China. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 18: 1056‒1060, doi: 10.17957/IJAB/15.0210.

Xiang, Y., Deng, Q., Duan, H. and Guo, Y. 2017. Effects of biochar application on root traits: a meta-analysis. GCB Bioenergy 9: 1563–1572, doi: 10.1111/gcbb.12449.

Zheng, H., Wang, Z., Deng, X., Zhao, J., Luo, Y., Novak, J., Herbert, S. and Xing, B. 2013. Characteristics and nutrient values of biochars produced from giant reed at different temperatures. Bioresource Technology 130: 463–471.