Removal of chromium from chromium-contaminated soil and physiological response of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) on treatments of biochar and mycorrhizae
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2022.101.3953Keywords:
biochar, chromium, mycorrhizae, physiological character, shallotAbstract
Food safety and soil degradation were the reasons to treat contaminated soil. Shallots are high-value commodities, so cultivation is carried out intensively. Continuous use of agrochemicals can cause heavy metal contamination. This study aimed to investigate chromium removal, physiological characters, and yield of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) on biochar and mycorrhizae application on chromium-contaminated soil. A pot experiment was conducted at the screen house ex-farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University. The treatments tested consisted of two factors. The first factor was biochar dosage (B) consisting of 4 levels, i.e., B0 = without biochar, B1 = 1.2 g biochar kg-1 of soil, B2 = 2.4 g biochar kg-1 of soil, and B3 = 4.8 g biochar kg-1 of soil. The second factor was mycorrhizae inoculation consisting of 3 levels, i.e., M0 = without mycorrhizae, M1 = 0.1 g mycorrhizae kg-1 of soil, M2= 0.2 g mycorrhizae kg-1 of soil. The twelve treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that the application of 1.2 g, 2.4 g, and 4.8 g biochar kg-1 of soil had been able to increase plant height and the percentage of root infection. The application of mycorrhizae 0.1 g and 0.2 g mycorrhizae kg-1 of soil was able to increase plant height, percentage of root infection, and plant tissue P uptake. Both applications of biochar and mycorrhizae increased plant height and the percentage of root infection by mycorrhizae.References
Alghanmi, S.I., Al Sulami, A.F., El-Zayat, T.A., Alhogbi, B.G. and Salam, M.A. 2015. Acid leaching of heavy metals from contaminated soil collected from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: kinetic and thermodynamics studies. International Soil and Water Conservation Research 3(3):196-208, doi:10.1016/j.iswcr.2015.08.002.
Amin, M. and Kapadnis, B.P. 2005. Heat stable antimicrobial activity of Allium ascalonicum against bacteria and fungi. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 43:751-759.
Asai, H., Samson, B.K., Stephan, H.M., Songyikhangsuthor, K., Homma, K., Kiyono, Y., Inoue, Y., Shiraiwa, T. and Horie, T. 2009. Biochar amendment techniques for upland rice production in Northern Laos: 1. Soil physical properties, leaf SPAD and grain yield. Field Crops Research 111(1-2):81-84, doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2008.10.008.
Audet, P. and Charest, C. 2006. Effects of AM colonization on “wild tobacco†plants grown in zinc-contaminated soil. Mycorrhiza 16:277-283, doi:10.1007/s00572-006-0045-x.
Bano, S.A. and Asfaq, D. 2013. Role of mycorrhiza to reduce heavy metal stress Natural Science 5(12):16-20, doi:10.4236/ns.2013.512A003.
Bruce, R. 2002. Chemical Transformations of Chromium in Soils: Relevance to Mobility, Bio-availability and Remediation. The Chromium File. International Chromium Development Association, College Park USA.
Charisma, A.M., Rahayu Y.S. and Isnawati. 2012. The effect of the combination of Trichoderma compost and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (MVA) on the growth of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merill) on calcareous soil growing media. Jurnal Lentera Bio 1(3):111-116 (in Indonesian).
Cobbett, C.S. 2000. Phytochelatins and their roles in heavy metal detoxification, Plant Physiology 123(3):825-832, doi:10.1104/pp.123.3.825.
Ferreiro, J., Gascó, G., Méndez, A. and Reichman, S.M. 2018 Soil pollution and remediation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15:1657; doi:10.3390/ijerph15081657.
Fitriani, V. and Efendi, D. 2018. Effect of paclobutrazol and benzyl adenine on growth and multiplication of shallots (Allium cepa L.) of Bima Brebes variety by in vitro comm. Horticulturae Journal 2(2):22-27, doi:10.29244/chj.2.2.22-27 (in Indonesian).
Golubkina, N., Krivenkov, L., Sekara, A., Vasileva, V., Tallarita, A. and Caruso, G. 2020. Prospects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi utilization in production of Allium plants. Plants 9(2):279, doi:10.3390/plants9020279.
Hardiani, H., Kardiansyah, T. and Sugesty, S. 2009. Bioremediation of lead metal (Pb) in contaminated soil sludge waste paper of the drinking process industry. Jurnal Selulosa 1(1):31-41 (in Indonesian).
Ippolito J.A., Laird, D. and Busscher, W. 2012. Environmental benefits of biochar. Journal of Environmental Quality 41:967-972, doi:10.2134/jeq2012.0151.
Irhamni, Pandia, S., Purba, E. and Hasan, W. 2018. Study of accumulators of several aquatic plants in absorbing heavy metals by phytoremediation. Jurnal Serambi Engeneering 3(2):344-351 (in Indonesian).
Jeffries, P., Gianinazzi, S., Perotto, S., Turnau, K. and Barea, J.-M. 2003. The contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sustainable maintenance of plant health and soil fertility. Biology and Fertility of Soils 37:1-16, doi:10.1007/s00374-002-0546-5.
Komárek M., Vanek, A. and Ettler, V. 2013. Chemical stabilization of metals and arsenic in contaminated soils using oxides -a review. Journal of Environmental Pollution 172:9-22, doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2012.07.045.
Kusuma, M.E. 2018. Response of Brachiaria decumbens grass to the application of biochar and organic fertilizer on sandy soil. Jurnal Ilmu Hewani Tropika 7(2):33-38 (in Indonesian).
Laoli, B.M.S, Kisworo and Raharjo, D. 2021. Accumulation of chromium (Cr) pollutants in rice plants along the Opak River Basin, Bantul Regency. Jurnal Biospecies 14(1):59-66 (in Indonesian).
Leelarungrayub, N., Rattanapanone, V., Chanarat, N. and Gebicki, J.M. 2006. Quantitative evaluation of the antioxidant properties of garlic and shallot preparations. Nutrition 22: 266-275, doi:10.1016/j.nut.2005.05.010.
Lehmann, J. and Joseph, S. 2009. Biochar for Environmental Management. In: Lehmann, J. and Joseph, S. (eds), Science and Technology. Earthscan-UK. pp. 71-78.
Liu, D. and Kottke, I. 2003. Subcellular localization of chromium and nickel in root cells of Allium cepa by EELS and ESI. Cell Biology and Toxicology 19:299-311, doi:10.1023/B:CBTO.0000004984.87619.15.
Miskiyah and Mnarso, S.J. 2009. Contamination of pesticide residues in red chili, lettuce, and shallots (case studies in Bandungan and Brebes, Central Java and Cianjur, West Java). Jurnal Hortikultura 19(1):101-111 (in Indonesian).
Mohammadi-Motlagh, H.R., Mostafaie, A. and Mansouri, K. 2011. Anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities of shallot (Allium ascalonicum) extract. Archives of Medical Science 7(1):38-44, doi:10.21082/jp3.v29n4.2010.p154-158.
Naher, U.A., Othman, R. and Panhwar, Q.A. 2013. Beneficial effects of mycorrhizal association for crop production in the tropics - a review. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 15(5):1021-1028.
Nurida, N.L. 2014. Potential use of biochar to rehabilitation of upland in Indonesia. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan 8(3):57-68 (in Indonesian).
Oni, B.A, Oziegbe, O. and Olawole, O.O. 2019 Significance of biochar application to the environment and economy, Annals of Agricultural Sciences 64(2):222-236, doi:10.1016/j.aoas.2019.12.006.
Owoyele, B.V., Alabio, T., Adebayo, J.O., Soladoye, A.O., Abioye, A.I. and Jimoh, S.A. 2004. Haematological evaluation of ethanolic extract of Allium ascalonicum in male albino rats. Fitoterapia 75:322-330, doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2004.02.006.
Permanasari, I., Kartika, D., Irfan, M. and Ahmad, T.A. 2016. Increased efficiency of phosphate fertilizers through the application of mycorrhizae on soybeans. Jurnal Agroteknologi 6(2):23-30, doi:10.24014/ja.v6i2.2237 (in Indonesian).
Plenchette, C., Clermont-Dauphin, C, Meynard, J.M. and Fortin, J.A. 2005. Managing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cropping systems. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 85:31-40, doi:10.4141/P03-159
Puga, A.P., Abreu, C.A., Melo, L.C.A. and Beesley, L. 2015. Biochar application to contaminated soil reduces the availability and plant uptake of zinc, lead and cadmium. Journal of Environmental Management 159:86-93, doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.05.036.
Puspita U.R., Siregar, A.S. and Hidayati, N.V. 2011. The ability of aquatic plants as phytoremediator agents of heavy metal chromium (Cr) found in the liquid waste of the batik. Penelitian Berkala Perikanan Terubuk 39(1):60-63 (in Indonesian).
Putri, V.C., Mukhlis, M. and Benny H. 2017. Provision of several types of biochar to improve the chemical properties of ultisol soil and the growth of corn plants. Jurnal Agroteknologi 5(4):824-828 (in Indonesian).
Ratnasari, I.F.D., Hadi, S.N., Suparto, S.R., Herliana, O. and Ahadiyat, Y.R. 2020. Phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated soil using terrestrial kale (Ipomoea reptans Poir) and corncob biochar. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 7(4):2313-2318, doi:10.15243/jdmlm.2020.074.2313.
Riaz, M., Kamran, M., Fang, Y., Wang, Q., Cao, H., Yang, G., Deng, L., Wang, Y., Zhou, Y., Anastopoulos, I. and Wang, X. 2021. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-induced mitigation of heavy metal phytotoxicity in metal contaminated soils: A critical review. Journal of Hazardous Materials 402, doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123919.
Riri, R.C., Guchi, H. and Rauf, A. 2013. Bioremediation of Cd, Cu, and Pb polluted soils using endo mycorrhizae. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi 2(1):348-361 (in Indonesian).
Rokhminarsi, E., Darini S.U. and Begananda. 2019. The effectiveness of mycorrhizal biofertilizers based on Azolla (mycola) on shallots. Jurnal Hortikultura 29(1):45-52, doi:10.21082/jhort.v29n1.2019.p45-52 (in Indonesian).
Saleh, S., Anshary, A., Made, U., Mahfudz, and Basir-Cyio, M. 2021. Application of mycorrhizae and Beauveria in organic farming systems effectively control leaf miners and enhance shallot production. AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science 43(1):79-88, doi:10.17503/agrivita.v1i1.2831.
Saraswati, R., Husen, E. and Simanungkalit, R.D.M. 2007. Soil Biological Analysis Method. Center for Research and Development of Agricultural Land Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Indonesia (in Indonesian).
Sasli, I.and Ruliansyah, A. 2012. Utilization of Location-Specific Arbuscular Mycorrhizae for Fertilization Efficiency in Corn Plants in Tropical Peatlands. Agrovigor: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi 5(2):65-74, doi:10.21107/agrovigor.v5i2.310 (in Indonesian).
Satriawan, B.D. and Handayanto, E. 2015. Effect of biochar and crop residue application on chemical properties of a degraded soil of South Malang, and P uptake by maize. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands 2(2):271-281.
Shekhawat, K., Sreemoyee Chatterjee, S. and Joshi, B. 2015. Chromium toxicity and its health hazards. International Journal of Advanced Research 3(7):167-172.
Shenbagavalli, S. and Mahimairaja, S. 2012. Production and characterization of biochar from different biological wastes. International Journal of Plant, Animal, and Environmental Sciences 2(1):197-201.
Shofiyanto, M.E. 2008. Hydrolysis of Corn Cobs by Cellulolytic Bacteria for Bioethanol Production in Mixed Culture. Faculty of Agricultural Technology, IPB. Bogor (in Indonesian).
Suharno and Sancayaningsih, P. 2013. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: the potential of heavy metal mycorrhizoremediation technology in mine site rehabilitation. Jurnal Bioteknologi 10(1):37-48 (in Indonesian).
Stoica, C., Dinu, L., Lucaciu, I., Nita-Lazar, M. and Oncu, V. 2020. The toxic effect of conventionally treated mine water on aquatic organisms. Revista de Chimie 71:67-71, doi:10.37358/RC.20.1.7813.
Tasneem, A., Kafeel, A., Zafar, I.K., Zunaira, M., Ahlam, K., Al-Qthanin, R., Alsubeie, M., Alamri, S., Hashem, M., Farooq, S., Maqboolm M.M., Hashim, S. and Wang, Y. 2021. Chromium accumulation in soil, water and forage samples in automobile emission areas. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28(6):3517-3522, doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.020.
Thakur, R., Sharma, G.D., Dwivedi, S. and Khatik, S.K. 2007. Chromium: as a pollutant. Journal of Industrial Pollution Control 23(2):197-203.
Unver, M.C., Ugulu, I., Durkan, N., Baslar, S. and Dogan, Y. 2015. Heavy metal contents of Malva sylvestris sold as edible greens in the local markets of Izmir. Ekoloji 24:13-25, doi:10.5053/ekoloji.2015.01.
Vance, P.C., Uhde-Stone, C. and Allan, D.L. 2002. Phosphorus acquisition and use: critical adaptations by plants for securing a non renewable resource. New Phythologist 157:423-447, doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00695.x.
Yang, Y., Khan, Z.I., Ahmad, K., Arshad, N., Rehman, S.U., Ullah, M.F., Wajid, K., Mahpara, S., Bashir, H. and Nadeem, M. 2020. Does the chromium element in forages and fodders grown in contaminated pasture lands cause toxicity in livestock: assessing the potential risk. Revista de Chimie 71:397-405, doi:10.37358/RC.20.7.8257.
Yin, M.C, and Tsao, S.M. 1999. Inhibitory effect of seven Allium plants upon three Aspergillus species. International Journal Food Microbiology (49):49-56, doi:10.1016/S0168-1605(99)00061-6.
Downloads
Submitted
Accepted
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, or thesis) that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Scientific Journal by Eko Handayanto is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at https://ub.ac.id.
Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at https://ircmedmind.ub.ac.id/.